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nestjs skill

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This skill guides you through building and refactoring NestJS apps using official docs, covering controllers, modules, DI, GraphQL, security, and testing.

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SKILL.md
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---
name: nestjs
description: Provides comprehensive guidance for NestJS using the official documentation. Use when the user asks about NestJS architecture, controllers, providers, modules, middleware, guards, pipes, interceptors, dependency injection, GraphQL, WebSockets, microservices, OpenAPI/Swagger, security, or testing.
license: Complete terms in LICENSE.txt
---

## When to use this skill

Use this skill whenever the user wants to:
- Build or refactor a NestJS application
- Implement controllers, providers, and modules
- Apply middleware, pipes, guards, or interceptors
- Configure DI scopes, dynamic modules, or lifecycle hooks
- Add validation, serialization, caching, logging, or queues
- Integrate GraphQL, WebSockets, or microservices
- Document APIs with OpenAPI/Swagger
- Implement authentication/authorization or security hardening
- Write unit or e2e tests for NestJS

## How to use this skill

1. **Identify the topic** from the user's request and find the corresponding example file in the mapping below

2. **Load the appropriate example file** from the `examples/` directory

3. **Follow the specific instructions** in that example file for syntax, structure, and best practices

   **Important Notes**:
   - All examples follow NestJS official documentation structure
   - Examples include both JavaScript and TypeScript versions where applicable
   - Each example file includes key concepts, code examples, and official documentation links
   - Always check the example file for best practices and common patterns

4. **Use templates** from the `templates/` directory to speed up common scaffolding

### Doc mapping (one-to-one with https://docs.nestjs.com/)

**Overview (概览)**
- `examples/overview/introduction.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/
- `examples/fundamentals/first-steps.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/first-steps
- `examples/fundamentals/controllers.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/controllers
- `examples/fundamentals/providers.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/providers
- `examples/fundamentals/modules.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/modules
- `examples/fundamentals/middleware.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/middleware
- `examples/fundamentals/exception-filters.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/exception-filters
- `examples/fundamentals/pipes.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/pipes
- `examples/fundamentals/guards.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/guards
- `examples/fundamentals/interceptors.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/interceptors
- `examples/overview/custom-decorators.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/custom-decorators

**Fundamentals (基础)**
- `examples/fundamentals/custom-providers.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/fundamentals/custom-providers
- `examples/fundamentals/async-providers.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/fundamentals/async-providers
- `examples/fundamentals/dynamic-modules.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/fundamentals/dynamic-modules
- `examples/fundamentals/module-ref.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/fundamentals/module-ref
- `examples/fundamentals/execution-context.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/fundamentals/execution-context
- `examples/fundamentals/lifecycle-events.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/fundamentals/lifecycle-events
- `examples/fundamentals/injection-scopes.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/fundamentals/injection-scopes
- `examples/fundamentals/request-scoped.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/fundamentals/request-scoped
- `examples/fundamentals/circular-dependency.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/fundamentals/circular-dependency

**Techniques (技巧)**
- `examples/techniques/configuration.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/techniques/configuration
- `examples/techniques/validation.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/techniques/validation
- `examples/techniques/serialization.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/techniques/serialization
- `examples/techniques/caching.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/techniques/caching
- `examples/techniques/logger.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/techniques/logger
- `examples/techniques/events.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/techniques/events
- `examples/techniques/task-scheduling.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/techniques/task-scheduling
- `examples/techniques/queues.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/techniques/queues
- `examples/techniques/file-upload.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/techniques/file-upload
- `examples/techniques/streaming-files.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/techniques/streaming-files
- `examples/techniques/database.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/techniques/database
- `examples/techniques/mongodb.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/techniques/mongodb
- `examples/techniques/mongoose.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/techniques/mongoose
- `examples/techniques/sequelize.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/techniques/sequelize
- `examples/techniques/prisma.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/recipes/prisma

**Security (安全)**
- `examples/security/authentication.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/security/authentication
- `examples/security/authorization.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/security/authorization
- `examples/security/helmet.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/security/helmet
- `examples/security/cors.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/security/cors
- `examples/security/rate-limiting.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/security/rate-limiting

**GraphQL**
- `examples/graphql/quick-start.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/graphql/quick-start
- `examples/graphql/resolvers.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/graphql/resolvers
- `examples/graphql/scalars.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/graphql/scalars
- `examples/graphql/interfaces.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/graphql/interfaces
- `examples/graphql/unions.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/graphql/unions
- `examples/graphql/directives.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/graphql/directives
- `examples/graphql/plugins.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/graphql/plugins
- `examples/graphql/subscriptions.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/graphql/subscriptions
- `examples/graphql/federation.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/graphql/federation
- `examples/graphql/migration.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/graphql/migration

**WebSockets**
- `examples/websockets/gateways.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/websockets/gateways
- `examples/websockets/exception-filters.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/websockets/exception-filters
- `examples/websockets/guards.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/websockets/guards
- `examples/websockets/interceptors.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/websockets/interceptors
- `examples/websockets/adapters.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/websockets/adapters

**Microservices**
- `examples/microservices/basics.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/microservices/basics
- `examples/microservices/redis.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/microservices/redis
- `examples/microservices/mqtt.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/microservices/mqtt
- `examples/microservices/nats.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/microservices/nats
- `examples/microservices/kafka.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/microservices/kafka
- `examples/microservices/grpc.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/microservices/grpc
- `examples/microservices/rabbitmq.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/microservices/rabbitmq
- `examples/microservices/custom-transport.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/microservices/custom-transport
- `examples/microservices/hybrid-application.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/microservices/hybrid-application

**OpenAPI (Swagger)**
- `examples/openapi/introduction.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/openapi/introduction
- `examples/openapi/operations.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/openapi/operations
- `examples/openapi/types-and-parameters.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/openapi/types-and-parameters
- `examples/openapi/security.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/openapi/security
- `examples/openapi/mapped-types.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/openapi/mapped-types

**CLI & Testing & Recipes**
- `examples/cli/overview.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/cli/overview
- `examples/testing/unit-testing.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/fundamentals/testing
- `examples/testing/e2e-testing.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/fundamentals/testing
- `examples/recipes/cqrs.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/recipes/cqrs
- `examples/recipes/mikroorm.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/recipes/mikroorm
- `examples/recipes/terminus.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/recipes/terminus
- `examples/faq.md` → https://docs.nestjs.com/faq

## Examples and Templates

This skill includes detailed examples organized to match the NestJS official documentation structure (https://docs.nestjs.com/). All examples are in the `examples/` directory, organized by topic (see mapping above).

**To use examples:**
- Identify the topic from the user's request
- Load the appropriate example file from the mapping above
- Follow the instructions, syntax, and best practices in that file
- Adapt the code examples to your specific use case

**To use templates:**
- Reference templates in `templates/` directory for common scaffolding
- Templates include: controller, provider, module, middleware, guard, pipe, interceptor, exception filter, DTO, and project structure
- Adapt templates to your specific needs and coding style

## Best Practices

1. **Use dependency injection**: Leverage NestJS DI container for better testability and maintainability
2. **Organize by modules**: Group related functionality into feature modules
3. **Use decorators consistently**: Follow NestJS decorator patterns for controllers, providers, and routes
4. **Validate input data**: Use ValidationPipe and DTOs for request validation
5. **Handle errors gracefully**: Implement global exception filters for consistent error handling
6. **Use guards for authorization**: Protect routes with guards rather than inline checks
7. **Leverage interceptors**: Use interceptors for cross-cutting concerns like logging and transformation
8. **Type safety**: Use TypeScript for better type safety and developer experience
9. **Test thoroughly**: Write unit tests for services and E2E tests for API endpoints
10. **Follow official patterns**: Refer to official documentation for recommended patterns and practices

## Resources

- **Official Documentation**: https://docs.nestjs.com/
- **GitHub Repository**: https://github.com/nestjs/nest

## Keywords

NestJS, Node.js, framework, controller, provider, module, middleware, exception filter, pipe, guard, interceptor, dependency injection, GraphQL, WebSocket, microservice, OpenAPI, Swagger, testing, validation, caching, logging, TypeScript, decorator, DI, IoC, 控制器, 提供者, 模块, 中间件, 守卫, 管道, 拦截器, 依赖注入

Overview

This skill provides comprehensive, example-driven guidance for building and maintaining NestJS applications using patterns from the official documentation. It covers core architecture (controllers, providers, modules), middleware and lifecycle hooks, and advanced topics like GraphQL, microservices, WebSockets, OpenAPI/Swagger, security, and testing. Use it to scaffold features, follow best practices, and adapt templates to your project.

How this skill works

When you specify a NestJS topic, the skill maps your request to the corresponding example file that mirrors the official docs structure. Examples include TypeScript and JavaScript snippets, configuration notes, and links to the authoritative docs. Templates for controllers, providers, modules, middleware, guards, pipes, interceptors, DTOs, and project scaffolding accelerate common tasks and ensure consistent patterns.

When to use it

  • Starting a new NestJS project or scaffolding feature modules
  • Implementing or refactoring controllers, providers, modules, or DI scopes
  • Adding middleware, pipes, guards, interceptors, or exception filters
  • Integrating GraphQL, WebSockets, microservices, or message brokers
  • Documenting APIs with OpenAPI/Swagger and securing endpoints
  • Writing unit tests and end-to-end (E2E) tests or following testing recipes

Best practices

  • Leverage NestJS dependency injection for testability and clear boundaries
  • Organize code by feature modules to keep concerns isolated
  • Use DTOs and ValidationPipe for robust input validation and sanitization
  • Apply guards for authorization and global exception filters for consistent errors
  • Use interceptors for logging, transformation, and response shaping
  • Prefer TypeScript and follow official decorator patterns for consistency

Example use cases

  • Scaffold a REST controller with DTOs, validation, and basic unit tests
  • Refactor a monolithic app into feature modules with shared services
  • Add GraphQL resolvers, subscriptions, and type-safe schemas
  • Build a microservice using Redis/Kafka/NATS and a hybrid HTTP/microservice app
  • Expose API docs using Swagger and secure endpoints with JWT/guards

FAQ

Does this skill include runnable project templates?

Yes. Templates cover controllers, providers, modules, middleware, guards, pipes, interceptors, DTOs, and project layout to jumpstart common workflows.

Are examples aligned with official NestJS documentation?

Yes. Each example mirrors the official docs structure and includes links and recommended patterns from the NestJS documentation.